Exploring the world’s most breathtaking night skies
- Paul Aage Hegvik
- Mar 30
- 16 min read
Astrotourism is more than just looking at stars. Many astrotourists engage in activities that go beyond simple stargazing, immersing themselves in experiences that combine science, adventure, and culture.
Here’s what sets these journeys apart:
Chasing rare celestial events
Dedicated astrotourists travel globally to witness solar and lunar eclipses, meteor showers, and planetary alignments. Eclipse chasers, for example, meticulously plan trips to remote regions for mere minutes of total solar eclipse viewing.
Astrotourism isn’t just about watching the night sky. It’s about understanding our place in the universe. Travelers who experience true dark skies often come away with a profound sense of humility and wonder. Dr. Laura Peticolas Director of Multiverse at UC Berkeley’s Space Sciences Laboratory
Astrophotography expeditions
Many astrotourists bring specialized camera gear to capture long-exposure photographs of the night sky, revealing details invisible to the naked eye. Some tours provide workshops where photographers can learn to capture the Milky Way, nebulae, and galaxies.
Visiting observatories and research facilities
Astrotourists often visit state-of-the-art observatories like the ALMA Observatory in Chile or Mauna Kea in Hawaii. These facilities allow tourists to look through professional-grade telescopes and engage with astronomers to better understand space phenomena.
Participating in star parties and festivals
Around the world, star parties and dark sky festivals bring together astronomers and enthusiasts to observe the night sky, share knowledge, and celebrate celestial events. The Texas Star Party and the Jasper Dark Sky Festival in Canada are prime examples.
Exploring indigenous and ancient astronomy
Astrotourists often visit sites with historical and cultural significance related to the stars. Uluru in Australia offers insights into Aboriginal star lore, while sites like Chichen Itza in Mexico showcase ancient Mayan astronomical knowledge.
Notable observations and discoveries
Astrotourism has led to some remarkable observations that have gained global attention:
Total solar eclipses revealing new phenomena
During the 2017 total solar eclipse in the United States, scientists and amateur astronomers alike captured unprecedented images of the sun’s corona, providing new insights into solar wind and the sun’s magnetic field.
Seeing the Milky Way in its full glory for the first time in the Atacama Desert was life-changing. It was as though I had stepped into a new universe, with a sky so bright and detailed that I couldn’t look away. Alan Dyer Award-winning astrophotographer
Comet Neowise over global landmarks
In 2020, Comet Neowise lit up the night sky, and astrotourists worldwide captured breathtaking images of the comet passing over iconic landmarks such as Stonehenge and Mount Fuji. This unexpected celestial visitor was visible to the naked eye for several weeks, drawing millions outdoors.
Aurora borealis intensification in Norway and Iceland
Increased solar activity in recent years has resulted in exceptionally vibrant northern lights displays, attracting astrotourists to Norway, Iceland, and Finland. The phenomenon’s increasing intensity has brought more attention to the effects of solar cycles on Earth’s atmosphere.
The night sky has a way of putting life into perspective. When you stand under a truly dark sky, far from the distractions of modern life, you realize how small we are in the grand scheme of the universe. Mark Radice An accomplished astrophotographer
Unexpected meteor outbursts
In 2022, astrotourists observing the Tau Herculids meteor shower witnessed an unexpected meteor outburst, with hundreds of meteors streaking across the night sky. The event exceeded scientists’ predictions, adding an element of surprise to what was expected to be a mild shower.
Identification of new exoplanets
Amateur astronomers participating in citizen science programs like Exoplanet Explorers have contributed to the discovery of previously unknown exoplanets. Some astrotourists who engage with observatories and research teams have even been part of groundbreaking discoveries.
The first time I stood in the path of totality, I felt like time had stopped. Watching the corona burst into life around the black disk of the moon was pure magic. It’s an addiction — once you’ve seen one, you’ll want to chase them forever. Kelsey Miller Eclipse chaser and travel blogger
Astrotourism has the power to change perspectives. When people witness the grandeur of a dark sky, they often become advocates for reducing light pollution and preserving natural nightscapes. Dr. John Barentine Former Director of Conservation for the International Dark-Sky Association
Astrotourism’s hidden wonders: Fascinating facts
The most remote astrotourism destination: Antarctica
Antarctica, with its pristine skies and lack of light pollution, offers an unparalleled opportunity to observe the southern hemisphere’s night sky. During winter months, it becomes one of the darkest and quietest places on Earth.
Star burial traditions in ancient cultures
Ancient civilizations, such as the Egyptians and Mayans, aligned their pyramids and temples with celestial objects. Some cultures believed that after death, souls would journey to the stars, making astrotourism a spiritual and historical journey as well.
The world’s darkest inhabited island: Sark, UK
Sark, one of the Channel Islands, has no streetlights and minimal light pollution. It was designated the world’s first Dark Sky Island in 2011, offering visitors an opportunity to experience true darkness. Dark Sky Island is a designation given to areas with exceptionally low light pollution, where the natural night sky remains largely unspoiled. These locations offer optimal conditions for observing stars, planets, and celestial phenomena without interference from artificial lights. Sark remains the only officially designated Dark Sky Island in the world. It was awarded this status by the International Dark-Sky Association (IDA) in 2011 due to its commitment to reducing light pollution and preserving natural nightscapes.
Why Sark is the world’s first Dark Sky Island
No streetlights Sark has no public streetlights, ensuring minimal artificial light that could interfere with the natural darkness.
Strict lighting policies Residents use carefully controlled outdoor lighting to prevent light pollution and preserve the island’s pristine skies.
Recognition by the International Dark-Sky Association (IDA)
Sark was designated the world’s first Dark Sky Island in 2011 due to its commitment to preserving natural nightscapes.
As a Dark Sky Island, Sark provides an extraordinary environment for astrotourism, offering crystal-clear views of the Milky Way, distant galaxies, and meteor showers.
Astrotourism’s economic impact
Countries like Chile and Iceland have experienced an economic boom from astrotourism. The influx of tourists seeking northern lights or visiting observatories has provided employment opportunities and funded conservation initiatives.
Future possibilities and trends in astrotourism
Lunar and Martian tourism Plans for moon bases and Mars colonies may soon turn these celestial bodies into the ultimate astrotourism destinations.
Artificial star tours Some companies are exploring the possibility of projecting artificial stars into the atmosphere for urban areas, mimicking the dark sky experience.
Astrocruises Cruise lines are beginning to offer astronomy-themed voyages to regions with minimal light pollution, allowing passengers to enjoy stargazing while at sea.
Places to visit for astrotourism
Astrotourism continues to surprise and inspire, offering experiences that challenge our perception of the universe and deepen our understanding of the cosmos.
Astrotourism is becoming one of the most captivating travel trends of the decade. As light pollution increases in urban areas, more travelers are seeking remote locations where the night sky remains untouched. From deserts with crystal-clear views to certified dark sky reserves, these destinations offer unforgettable stargazing experiences:
Atacama Desert, Chile
The Atacama Desert is considered one of the best places on Earth for stargazing. With minimal humidity, high altitude, and virtually no light pollution, this desert provides ideal conditions for observing the cosmos. The ALMA Observatory, one of the most powerful radio telescope arrays in the world, is located here. Visitors can book guided stargazing tours or attend public observation sessions to witness the beauty of the Milky Way. Best time to visit April to September, when the skies are clearest.
Mauna Kea, Hawaii, USA
Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano on Hawaii’s Big Island, is home to some of the world’s most advanced astronomical observatories. Rising 4,200 meters above sea level, Mauna Kea offers breathtaking views of the stars above the Pacific. Visitors can join guided tours that include sunset viewing at the summit followed by stargazing sessions with powerful telescopes.
Best time to visit
Anytime, but conditions are often optimal during the dry season from April to October.
Aoraki Mackenzie, New Zealand
Designated as the world’s largest International Dark Sky Reserve, Aoraki Mackenzie in New Zealand provides a pristine environment for viewing the southern hemisphere’s night sky. Visitors can observe the Magellanic Clouds, the Southern Cross, and other celestial wonders. The nearby Mount John Observatory offers guided night sky tours for an immersive experience.
Best time to visit
Winter months (May to September) for the clearest skies.
Jasper National Park, Canada
Jasper National Park in Alberta is a designated Dark Sky Preserve, making it one of the best locations in North America for stargazing. Every October, the park hosts the Jasper Dark Sky Festival, which attracts astronomers, photographers, and curious travelers alike. Visitors can explore the night sky through telescopes while surrounded by the natural beauty of the Canadian Rockies. A Dark Sky Preserve (DSP) is an area, often a park or a natural reserve, that is protected from artificial light pollution to maintain an unspoiled view of the night sky. These areas are designated by organizations like the International Dark-Sky Association (IDA) or national bodies, ensuring that the natural darkness is preserved for both wildlife and human enjoyment.
Best time to visit
Fall and winter for crisp, clear nights.
Namib Desert, Namibia
The Namib Desert’s vast, unspoiled landscapes offer some of the darkest skies in the world. Namibia has established the NamibRand Nature Reserve as a Dark Sky Reserve to protect this unique environment. Visitors can stay in remote lodges and enjoy guided stargazing tours that reveal dazzling constellations and the Milky Way in stunning clarity.
Best time to visit May to October, during Namibia’s dry season.
La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain
La Palma is renowned for its astronomical observatories and commitment to preserving its dark skies. The Roque de los Muchachos Observatory, located at 2,396 meters above sea level, is one of the best places in Europe for stargazing. The island’s annual AstroFest and guided night sky tours make it a prime destination for astrotourism.
Best time to visit
Late spring to early autumn for optimal visibility.
Uluru, Australia
Uluru, the iconic red rock in Australia’s Northern Territory, offers incredible opportunities for stargazing. The remote location and minimal light pollution allow visitors to experience vivid views of the southern hemisphere’s constellations. Many local tour operators provide guided night sky experiences that include Aboriginal cultural insights and traditional stories about the stars.
Best time to visit
May to September, when the skies are clearest.
Galloway Forest Park, Scotland
Galloway Forest Park was the first area in the UK to be designated a Dark Sky Park. Covering over 300 square miles, it provides ample opportunities for night sky observation. The park’s visitor centers offer regular stargazing events, and nearby accommodations make it an accessible yet rewarding destination for astrotourists.
Best time to visit
Autumn and winter for the darkest, clearest skies.
Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
Tenerife’s Mount Teide is another prime astrotourism destination in the Canary Islands. At 3,718 meters, Mount Teide offers spectacular views of the night sky, and the Teide Observatory conducts guided tours and educational programs. Tenerife’s low light pollution and high elevation make it an ideal place for both amateur and professional astronomers.
Best time to visit
Spring and summer months for clear skies and warm nights.
Exmoor National Park, England
Exmoor National Park is one of the best stargazing locations in the United Kingdom, recognized as a Dark Sky Reserve. Visitors can enjoy panoramic views of the Milky Way, star clusters, and even meteor showers. The park offers stargazing events and guided night walks, making it a family-friendly astrotourism destination.
Best time to visit Autumn and winter for longer nights and darker skies.
Final tips for astrotourists
Plan around moon phases Aim for a new moon period to ensure the darkest skies.
Bring appropriate gear A telescope, binoculars, and a star map can enhance the experience.
Check local weather conditions Clear skies are essential for the best stargazing.
Astrotourism is more than just looking up at the stars — it’s an opportunity to connect with the vastness of the universe and appreciate the beauty of the night sky. With destinations across the globe catering to stargazers, there’s never been a better time to embark on a journey through the cosmos.
Most spectacular astronomical findings of 2024
Discovery of the Most Distant Galaxy
JADES-GS-z14-0In 2024, astronomers using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) discovered JADES-GS-z14-0, a galaxy observed just 290 million years after the Big Bang. This makes it the most distant galaxy ever detected, providing critical insights into the early universe.
Detection of Water Vapor in an Exoplanet Atmosphere
The Hubble Space Telescope detected water vapor in the atmosphere of GJ 9827d, an exoplanet about twice Earth's size. This marks the smallest exoplanet where water vapor has been identified, raising hopes of finding habitable worlds.
Detailed infrared map of the Milky Way
Astronomers released the most comprehensive infrared map of the Milky Way, cataloging over 1.5 billion celestial objects. This map, created using data from the VISTA telescope over 13 years, provides an unprecedented view of our galaxy’s structure.
Discovery of the «Big Ring» Structure
Researchers identified a massive ring-shaped structure of galaxies and galaxy clusters near the Boötes constellation. Known as the «Big Ring,» this structure spans 1.3 billion light-years and challenges the notion that the universe is uniformly distributed on large scales.
Launch and early findings of the Einstein probe
The Einstein Probe, an X-ray space telescope launched in January 2024, detected EP240315a, a soft X-ray burst from 12.5 billion light-years away. The burst lasted for over 17 minutes, making it the longest-duration observation of its kind from such a distant event.
Identification of «Red Monster» galaxies
Using JWST, astronomers discovered three ultra-massive «red monster» galaxies dating back more than 12.8 billion years. Each galaxy contains about 100 billion times the mass of our sun, suggesting a more rapid and efficient star formation process in the early universe than previously thought.
Observation of an Einstein Ring
The Euclid telescope captured an exceptionally rare Einstein ring around galaxy NGC 6505, located 500 million light-years away. This gravitational lensing phenomenon occurs when the light from a distant galaxy is bent and magnified by the gravitational pull of a foreground galaxy.
Detection of a temporary mini-moon
Between September and November 2024, Earth temporarily captured a mini-moon, designated 2024 PT5, believed to be a fragment of our Moon. This highlights the dynamic nature of near-Earth objects and the importance of monitoring them.
Discovery of a «Super-Earth» in the Habitable Zone
Astronomers identified TOI-715 b, a «super-Earth» located 137 light-years away, which lies in the habitable zone of its star. This discovery increases the list of exoplanets that could potentially support liquid water and possibly life.
Detection of the longest Black Hole Jets
In 2024, astronomers observed the longest and most powerful black hole jets ever recorded, extending nearly 24 million light-years. This discovery deepens our understanding of the role that supermassive black holes play in shaping their cosmic environments.
Dedicated to promoting astrotourism
Several international organizations are dedicated to promoting astrotourism, preserving dark skies, and raising awareness about the importance of reducing light pollution. These organizations play a crucial role in ensuring that astrotourism remains sustainable while fostering scientific curiosity and protecting natural environments.
International Dark-Sky Association (IDA)
Headquarters Tucson, Arizona, USA Founded: 1988
Mission
The International Dark-Sky Association (IDA) is the leading organization advocating for the preservation of dark skies. It works to reduce light pollution through community education, policy advocacy, and certification of dark sky locations around the world.
Key contributions to astrotourism
Certifies Dark Sky Places (Parks, Reserves, Sanctuaries, and Urban Night Sky Places) to protect natural nightscapes.
Promotes responsible outdoor lighting practices to preserve dark skies.
Provides resources and support to communities, tourism operators, and governments to encourage sustainable astrotourism.
Astrotourism can inspire awe and wonder, but it also highlights the importance of protecting our night skies. Each stargazing experience serves as a reminder of what we stand to lose if we fail to preserve these natural treasures. Dr. John Barentine Former Director of Conservation at IDA
UNESCO’s Starlight Initiative
Headquarters: Paris, France Founded: 2007
Mission
The Starlight Initiative, launched by UNESCO and the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), aims to promote the protection of the night sky as an essential part of humanity’s cultural and scientific heritage. It encourages the development of astrotourism destinations and the certification of Starlight Reserves.
Key contributions to astrotourism
Establishes Starlight Reserves and Destinations that guarantee high-quality stargazing experiences.
Promotes sustainable tourism models that balance economic benefits with environmental conservation.
Recognizes astronomical sites that hold cultural, scientific, and environmental value.
«Starlight tourism not only opens a window to the universe but also strengthens local economies while safeguarding cultural heritage and protecting fragile ecosystems. Luis Martínez Director of the Starlight Initiative
Astronomers Without Borders (AWB)
Headquarters: California, USA Founded: 2007
Mission
Astronomers Without Borders (AWB) aims to bring the world together through astronomy. The organization promotes global events, citizen science initiatives, and educational outreach to encourage interest in the night sky and space science.
Key contributions to astrotourism
Organizes global events like Global Astronomy Month, attracting thousands of participants from over 100 countries.
Partners with observatories and local communities to encourage astrotourism as a means of spreading scientific knowledge.
Promotes eclipse education and outreach programs to ensure communities are prepared for celestial events.
Astronomy unites us across borders. Astrotourism not only connects people to the cosmos but also encourages cultural exchange and understanding. Mike Simmons Founder of Astronomers Without Borders
Global Sustainable Tourism Council (GSTC)
Headquarters: Washington, D.C., USA Founded: 2007
Mission
The Global Sustainable Tourism Council (GSTC) sets and manages global standards for sustainable tourism. While not exclusively focused on astrotourism, GSTC promotes environmentally responsible practices that align with the preservation of dark skies and natural environments.
Key contributions to astrotourism
Develops and maintains criteria that ensure tourism operators adhere to sustainable practices.
Encourages eco-conscious travel that minimizes environmental impact, including protecting dark sky regions.
Partners with destinations and governments to promote tourism that respects local communities and ecosystems.
Sustainable tourism goes beyond preserving landscapes — it’s about protecting natural wonders, including our night skies, for future generations. Randy Durband CEO of GSTC
International Astronomical Union (IAU)
Headquarters: Paris, France Founded: 1919
Mission
The International Astronomical Union (IAU) works to promote and safeguard astronomy by fostering global cooperation and supporting public outreach initiatives. IAU’s efforts include preserving astronomical heritage sites and supporting astrotourism initiatives.
Key contributions to astrotourism
Recognizes and preserves astronomical heritage sites worldwide, encouraging tourism linked to these locations.
Collaborates with UNESCO and local communities to protect sites with cultural and historical significance.
Promotes public engagement with astronomy through international campaigns and events.
By safeguarding astronomical heritage and promoting dark sky tourism, we ensure that humanity’s connection to the cosmos remains unbroken. Ewine van Dishoeck Former President of IAU
